Shape / inspect · All operations

Check data quality

Data-quality rule, assertion, test, constraint or schema check.

Status

In arcform

Runs as a SQL step

arcform carries it as a sql: step today.

Shape of the result
a table describing the input rather than holding its rows
Level
several clauses of SQL, or a window

The DuckDB step

Rows failing each rule, counted

It reads the orders and customers tables the proofs share. Create them first:

SQL
CREATE TABLE orders AS SELECT * FROM (VALUES
  (1,  'Alice Ng',      'north', DATE '2026-01-03', 120.00, 'widget', 'a|b',   '{"channel":"web","items":[1,2]}'),
  (2,  'alice ng',      'north', DATE '2026-01-05',  80.50, 'gadget', 'b',     '{"channel":"shop","items":[3]}'),
  (3,  'Bob  Okafor',   'south', DATE '2026-01-05', 300.00, 'widget', 'a|c',   '{"channel":"web","items":[4,5,6]}'),
  (4,  'Carla Díaz',    'east',  DATE '2026-01-09',  NULL,  'gizmo',  NULL,    '{"channel":"web","items":[]}'),
  (5,  'Bob Okafor',    'south', DATE '2026-01-12',  45.25, 'gadget', 'c',     '{"channel":"phone","items":[7]}'),
  (6,  'Dev Patel',     'west',  DATE '2026-01-12', 510.00, 'widget', 'a',     '{"channel":"web","items":[8,9]}'),
  (7,  'Carla Diaz',    'east',  DATE '2026-01-20',  99.99, 'gizmo',  'b|c',   '{"channel":"shop","items":[10]}'),
  (8,  'Dev Patel',     'west',  DATE '2026-02-02', 510.00, 'widget', 'a',     '{"channel":"web","items":[8,9]}'),
  (9,  'Eve Larsen',    NULL,    DATE '2026-02-03',  15.00, 'gadget', NULL,    '{"channel":"web","items":[11]}'),
  (10, 'Alice Ng',      'north', DATE '2026-02-10', 220.00, 'gizmo',  'a|b|c', '{"channel":"phone","items":[12,13]}')
) t(order_id, customer, region, order_date, amount, product, tags, meta);

CREATE TABLE customers AS SELECT * FROM (VALUES
  ('Alice Ng',    'retail',    DATE '2025-06-01', 52.52, 13.40),
  ('Bob Okafor',  'wholesale', DATE '2025-09-15', 48.85,  2.35),
  ('Carla Diaz',  'retail',    DATE '2025-11-30', 40.42, -3.70),
  ('Frank Moore', 'retail',    DATE '2026-01-01', 51.51, -0.13)
) t(customer, segment, joined, lat, lon);

Then run the statement:

SQL
CREATE TEMP TABLE result AS
SELECT 'amount is present' AS rule, count(*) FILTER (WHERE amount IS NULL) AS failing, count(*) AS checked FROM orders
UNION ALL
SELECT 'order_id is unique', count(*) - count(DISTINCT order_id), count(*) FROM orders
UNION ALL
SELECT 'customer is known', count(*) FILTER (WHERE c.customer IS NULL), count(*) FROM orders o LEFT JOIN customers c USING (customer);
SELECT * FROM result;
SELECT CASE WHEN ((SELECT map_from_entries(list((rule, failing) ORDER BY rule)) = MAP {'amount is present': 1, 'customer is known': 6, 'order_id is unique': 0} FROM result)) THEN 'as expected' ELSE error('the rules did not count 1 missing amount, 6 unknown customers and 0 repeated ids') END AS verdict;
  • It needs nothing installed beyond DuckDB itself.
  • The statement checks its own result and raises an error when it is wrong: “the rules did not count 1 missing amount, 6 unknown customers and 0 repeated ids”.
  • It passed on DuckDB v2.0.0 (Cyanoptera) d54cbbe3df.

Variants

  • Compare two tables

    Check that a table matches another or an expected result, row for row, by row count or by a summary figure.

  • Validate files against a schema

    Check that XML, JSON or CSV content or files are well-formed and conform to a schema such as XSD, DTD or JSON Schema.

  • Flag invalid values

    Keep every row and add a column marking whether its value is valid, such as an error, a malformed geometry or a bad email address.

  • Find outliers

    Find values far from the rest of their column by interquartile range or z-score, and flag, remove or reject them.

  • Report a quality scorecard

    Run a set of rules and return one row per rule with its outcome, instead of stopping the run.

  • Split valid from invalid rows

    Send the rows that pass the rules to one output and the rows that fail to another, instead of stopping the run.

  • Check a table's structure

    Check that a table has the expected columns, names and types, failing or conforming it when it does not.

  • Check a table-wide measure

    Compute one measure over the whole table, such as the row count, share of nulls, mean or age of the newest row, and check it against a threshold.

Other checks

Checks on things other than data, such as a learner's settings.

Check every row against a rule

Test each row against a rule, such as not null, unique, in a list, in a range or matching a pattern, and fail when any row breaks it.

What other tools call it

Meridian's classification; an independent blind rating agreed on 86.2% of 312 rows (exact class, version 2).

Alteryx Designer (2)
  • Expect Equalread 2026-09-27

    Assert that two data streams are identical and report an error when they are not

  • Testread 2026-09-27

    Assert conditions on data or record counts and raise an error when a test fails

Apache Hop (9)
Apache NiFi (5)
  • ScriptedValidateRecordread 2026-09-27

    Route records as valid or invalid by the boolean a user script returns

  • ValidateCsvread 2026-09-27

    Validate CSV content, or an attribute value, against a user-specified CSV schema

  • ValidateJsonread 2026-09-27

    Validate JSON content against a JSON Schema

  • ValidateRecordread 2026-09-27

    Validate records against a schema; valid and invalid records go to separate relationships

  • ValidateXmlread 2026-09-27

    Validate XML held in content or in a named attribute

Apache SeaTunnel (1)
  • DataValidatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate fields by null, range, length and regex rules; fail, skip or route invalid rows to a table

AWS Glue (29)
  • AggregateMatchread 2026-09-27

    Check that two datasets agree on summary metrics, such as a total

  • ColumnCountread 2026-09-27

    Check the number of columns, to catch dropped columns

  • ColumnDataTyperead 2026-09-27

    Check that the values of a column comply with a data type

  • ColumnExistsread 2026-09-27

    Check that a column exists in the dataset

  • ColumnLengthread 2026-09-27

    Check the length of the values of a column

  • Check that column names match a pattern

  • ColumnValuesread 2026-09-27

    Check the values of a column against defined values, ranges or a regular expression

  • Completenessread 2026-09-27

    Check the share of non-null, non-blank values in a column

  • CustomSqlread 2026-09-27

    Check a data quality condition expressed as a SQL statement

  • DataFreshnessread 2026-09-27

    Check how recent the values of a date column are

  • DistinctValuesCountread 2026-09-27

    Check the number of distinct values in a column

  • Evaluate Data Qualityread 2026-09-27

    Evaluate data quality rules written in DQDL against a dataset and act on the result

  • EvaluateDataQualityread 2026-09-27

    Evaluate a data quality ruleset against a frame and return the results as a frame

  • FileFreshnessread 2026-09-27

    Check how recent the files at an Amazon S3 path are

  • FileMatchread 2026-09-27

    Check by checksum that a file matches a checksum or another file

  • FileSizeread 2026-09-27

    Check the size of files against a condition

  • FileUniquenessread 2026-09-27

    Check by checksum that files are unique

  • IsCompleteread 2026-09-27

    Check that a column has no nulls

  • IsPrimaryKeyread 2026-09-27

    Check that a column, or set of columns, is unique and not null

  • IsUniqueread 2026-09-27

    Check that every value of a column is unique

  • Meanread 2026-09-27

    Check the mean of a column against a threshold

  • ReferentialIntegrityread 2026-09-27

    Check that the values of a column exist in a reference dataset

  • RowCountread 2026-09-27

    Check the number of rows against a threshold

  • RowCountMatchread 2026-09-27

    Check that the row counts of two datasets match

  • SchemaMatchread 2026-09-27

    Check that the schemas of two datasets match

  • StandardDeviationread 2026-09-27

    Check the standard deviation of a column against a threshold

  • Sumread 2026-09-27

    Check the sum of a column against a threshold

  • UniqueValueRatioread 2026-09-27

    Check the ratio of unique values in a column against a threshold

  • Uniquenessread 2026-09-27

    Check the share of values in a column that occur exactly once

Azure Data Factory (1)
  • Assertread 2026-09-27

    Set assertion rules that each row is checked against

Bruin (12)
  • Accepted valuesread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column value is one of a list of accepted values

  • Custom Checksread 2026-09-27

    A user SQL query whose result must equal a value, zero by default, or return an expected row count

  • Maxread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values are all at or below a maximum threshold

  • Minread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values are all at or above a minimum threshold

  • Negativeread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values are all negative

  • Non-Negativeread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values are all zero or positive

  • Not-Nullread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column holds no null values

  • Patternread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values match a regular expression

  • Positiveread 2026-09-27

    Check: Column values are all greater than zero

  • Relationshipsread 2026-09-27

    Check: Every non-null value exists in the column named by foreign_key metadata

  • Uniqueread 2026-09-27

    Check: No column value appears more than once

  • Unit Testsread 2026-09-27

    Run the asset query against mock upstream rows as a read-only SELECT and compare with expected rows

dbt-utils (21)
  • Singular data testsread 2026-09-27

    A hand-written SELECT saved as a test; any row returned is a failure

  • accepted_rangeread 2026-09-27

    Assert column values fall in a min/max range, inclusive or exclusive, against scalars or columns

  • accepted_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Assert every non-null value of a column is in a supplied list

  • at_least_oneread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column has at least one non-null value

  • cardinality_equalityread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column has the same value cardinality as a column in another model

  • equal_rowcountread 2026-09-27

    Assert two relations have the same number of rows, optionally per group

  • equalityread 2026-09-27

    Assert two relations hold the same rows, over all or chosen columns, with optional numeric precision

  • expression_is_trueread 2026-09-27

    Assert a SQL expression is true for all rows, or for rows matching a where filter

  • fewer_rows_thanread 2026-09-27

    Assert the model has fewer rows than a comparison relation, optionally per group

  • Assert lower/upper bound ranges do not overlap across rows, with gap rules and optional partition

  • not_accepted_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Assert no rows hold any of the listed values

  • not_constantread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column does not hold the same value in all rows

  • not_empty_stringread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column has no values equal to the empty string, optionally after trimming

  • not_nullread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column has no null values

  • not_null_proportionread 2026-09-27

    Assert the share of non-null values in a column lies between at_least and at_most

  • recencyread 2026-09-27

    Assert a timestamp column holds data at least as recent as a given interval

  • relationshipsread 2026-09-27

    Assert every non-null child value has a matching record in a parent relation

  • relationships_whereread 2026-09-27

    Assert referential integrity between two relations after filtering each side by a predicate

  • sequential_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Assert a numeric or datetime column increases by a fixed interval from row to row

  • uniqueread 2026-09-27

    Assert a column has no duplicate values

  • Assert a combination of columns is unique across rows

Duckle (14)
  • Assertread 2026-09-25

    fail the pipeline if any row violates a SQL predicate

  • Check Empty Geometryread 2026-09-25

    flag or filter empty geometries with ST_IsEmpty

  • Data Contractread 2026-09-25

    the expectation suite as a gate: pass rows through or fail the run

  • Expectationsread 2026-09-25

    run a suite of expectations and emit a scorecard row per rule

  • check the age of the newest timestamp against a maximum

  • Not-Null Checkread 2026-09-25

    pass rows with no nulls in chosen columns, the rest to reject

  • Outlier Detectionread 2026-09-25

    route IQR or z-score outliers of a numeric column to reject

  • Range Checkread 2026-09-25

    pass in-range rows, the rest to reject

  • Referential Integrityread 2026-09-25

    pass rows whose key exists in a reference input, orphans to reject

  • Regex Matchread 2026-09-25

    pass rows matching a pattern, the rest to reject

  • Run Baselineread 2026-09-25

    compare this run's profile with the median of previously accepted runs

  • Schema Validateread 2026-09-25

    reject rows where an expected column is null

  • Uniqueness Checkread 2026-09-25

    pass the first row per key, duplicates to reject

  • Validate Geometryread 2026-09-25

    flag or filter invalid geometries with ST_IsValid

EasyMorph (2)
KNIME Analytics Platform (7)
  • JSON Schema Validatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate JSON values against a JSON Schema

  • Extension outside the base install: 29 current nodes: Block Programmatically (Table); Block Programmatically (Variable), …

  • Numeric Outliersread 2026-09-27

    Flag numeric outliers by interquartile-range rule and remove or replace them

  • Treat outliers in a table using bounds computed by Numeric Outliers

  • Check a table's columns, types and domains against a second reference table and conform it

  • Check that a table matches a reference column structure set in the dialog, fixing or failing

  • Table Validatorread 2026-09-27

    Check table structure and content against a specification set in the dialog

OpenRefine (3)
  • Duplicates facetread 2026-09-27

    Mark each row true or false by whether its value in the column occurs more than once

  • Facet by errorread 2026-09-27

    Split rows true or false by whether the cell holds a stored error

  • Issue detectionread 2026-09-27

    Analyse the schema and list suggested fixes, such as statements that lack a reference

Pentaho Data Integration (4)
  • Credit card validatorread 2026-09-27

    Check a card number with the Luhn algorithm and name the card vendor

  • Data Validatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate passing rows against a set of rules

  • Mail Validatorread 2026-09-27

    Check whether an email address is valid

  • XSD Validatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate XML in files or fields against an XML Schema Definition

Polars (3)
  • DataFrame.is_sortedread 2026-09-27

    Check whether the frame is sorted by the given columns

  • Check a frame against a target schema, erroring or coercing on missing, extra or mistyped columns

  • 5 functions: assert_frame_equal, assert_frame_not_equal, assert_series_equal, assert_series_not_equal, assert_schema_equal

Power Query M (7)
RapidMiner Studio (2)
  • Check whether a table's columns and values are compatible with a model's training data

  • Tukey Testread 2026-09-27

    Flag outliers per numeric column by Tukey's fences around the quartiles

SQLMesh (32)
  • Generic auditsread 2026-09-27

    A parameterised audit query using @this_model and named arguments, reusable across models

  • Unit testsread 2026-09-27

    YAML tests that run a model on given input rows and compare query or CTE output to expected rows

  • A named SQL query that must return no rows, in an audits file or inline in the model

  • accepted_rangeread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Column values lie in a numeric range, inclusive by default

  • accepted_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every row of a column holds one of the accepted values

  • at_least_oneread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Listed columns contain at least one non-NULL value

  • chi_squareread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Chi-square statistic for two categorical columns stays under a critical value

  • forallread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every row satisfies a list of arbitrary boolean SQL expressions

  • kl_divergenceread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Symmetrised Kullback-Leibler divergence between two columns stays under a threshold

  • Audit: Every non-NULL value is LIKE at least one listed pattern

  • Audit: Every non-NULL value matches at least one listed regular expression

  • mean_in_rangeread 2026-09-27

    Audit: A numeric column's mean lies in a range

  • Audit: Each row's numeric range overlaps no other row's range

  • not_accepted_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Audit: No row of a column holds one of the listed values

  • not_constantread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Listed columns have at least two non-NULL values

  • not_empty_stringread 2026-09-27

    Audit: No row of a column holds the empty string

  • Audit: No non-NULL value is LIKE any listed pattern

  • Audit: No non-NULL value matches any listed regular expression

  • not_nullread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Listed columns contain no NULL values

  • not_null_proportionread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Proportion of NULL values in a column is no greater than a threshold

  • number_of_rowsread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Row count of the model exceeds a threshold

  • sequential_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Each ordered value equals the previous row's value plus an interval

  • stddev_in_rangeread 2026-09-27

    Audit: A numeric column's standard deviation lies in a range

  • string_length_betweenread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every string length in a column lies in a range

  • string_length_equalread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every string in a column has a given number of characters

  • Audit: Each row has a unique combination of values over listed columns

  • unique_valuesread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Listed columns contain no duplicated values

  • valid_emailread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every non-NULL value matches an email address pattern

  • valid_http_methodread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every non-NULL value is a valid HTTP method name

  • valid_urlread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every non-NULL value matches a URL pattern

  • valid_uuidread 2026-09-27

    Audit: Every non-NULL value matches the UUID pattern

  • z_scoreread 2026-09-27

    Audit: No row has an absolute z-score above a threshold

subtoken (1)
  • subtoken_is_truncatedread 2026-09-27

    Report whether subtoken_embed would drop part of a text to fit its input limit

Tableau Prep (2)
  • Assign data roleread 2026-09-27

    Mark a field as Email, URL or a geographic role; values invalid for the role are flagged

  • Publish as Data Roleread 2026-09-27

    Save a field's values as a custom data role to validate other fields against

Talend (10)
  • 14 components checking table rows against data quality patterns or rules: tDBValidRows, tMySQLInvalidRows, tOracleValidRows

  • Validate rows against data quality rules held in Qlik Talend Data Integration or a Talend app

  • tDTDValidatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate an XML file against a DTD and output the validation log

  • tJSONValidatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate JSON data against a JSON schema

  • tMultiPatternCheckread 2026-09-27

    Check several columns against Java regular expressions, splitting matching from non-matching rows

  • tPatternCheckread 2026-09-27

    Check a column against a Java regular expression, splitting matching from non-matching rows

  • tSchemaComplianceCheckread 2026-09-27

    Validate rows against a reference schema: types, nullability and length

  • Find indicators in the data quality report database whose thresholds are violated

  • tVerifyEmailread 2026-09-27

    Check email addresses against rules and correct non-conforming ones from other columns

  • tXSDValidatorread 2026-09-27

    Validate an XML file or flow against an XSD and output the validation log

Trifacta (1)
VisiData (3)
  • assert-cellread 2026-09-23

    Assert current cell's displayed value equals an expected string

  • assert-exprread 2026-09-23

    Assert that a Python expression is truthy

  • assert-expr-rowread 2026-09-23

    Assert that a Python expression is truthy for current row

Yggdrasil Decision Forests (1)

Background

Data validation checks that data is both correct and useful, using routines often called validation rules, validation constraints or check routines.[1] Validation rules check data for correctness, meaningfulness and security, and may use declarative data integrity rules or procedure-based business rules.[1] In dbt, a data test is a SELECT statement that returns the failing records, and a test that returns zero failing rows passes.[2]

When to use it

The guarantees of data validation do not necessarily include accuracy, so a data entry error such as a misspelling can be accepted as valid.[1] A rule tells you the data has the shape you expected, not that it is true; keep that in mind when a clean run is read as good data. (Meridian's view)

In DuckDB, the error function throws the given error message.[3] Decide for each rule whether a failure should stop the run or be reported while the data carries on, because the two call for different queries. (Meridian's view)

In DuckDB, any comparison with a NULL value returns NULL, including NULL = NULL.[4] In PostgreSQL, a CHECK constraint is satisfied if its expression evaluates to true or to the null value, so most such constraints do not keep nulls out of a column.[5] In PostgreSQL, a unique constraint by default does not treat two null values as equal, so duplicate rows can be stored when a constrained column holds a null.[5] Write every rule so that a missing value gives a definite pass or fail, and state which one it is. (Meridian's view)

The method

Kinds of data validation include data type, range and constraint, code and cross-reference, structured and consistency validation.[1] A range check tests that data lies within a specified range, such as a probability between 0 and 1, and a presence check tests that required data is there.[1] A referential integrity check makes sure that a value in a foreign key field always refers to a row in the referenced table.[1] A check digit is an extra digit, calculated from the other digits of a number, that supports error detection.[1]

In dbt, a test query selects the records that disprove its assertion: a uniqueness test selects duplicates and a not-null test selects nulls.[2] Writing a rule as a query for the rows that break it pays twice: the count says whether the rule held, and the rows say where to look. (Meridian's view)

Data quality expectations, specifications and requirements are stated in terms of dimensions of the data, such as completeness, timeliness and validity.[6]

Compared with the alternatives

Data validation is distinct from formal verification, which attempts to prove or disprove the correctness of algorithms for implementing a specification.[1]

Types it works with

FineType's registry gives 251 types a validation rule.

Type
Comma-Separated Values (Simple)
Pipe-Separated Values
Semicolon-Separated Values
Whitespace-Separated Values
Query String Parameters
CSV Record
HTML Content
JSON Object
JSON Array
S-Expression
XML Document
YAML Document
Day of Week Name
Full Month Name
Periodicity
Calendar Year
Abbreviated Month Day Year (no comma)
Abbreviated Month Date
Chinese Standard Date
Compact Date (DDMMYYYY)
Compact Date (MMDDYYYY)
Compact Year-Month (YYYYMM)
Compact Date (YYYYMMDD)
DMY Date (dash-separated)
DMY Date with Abbreviated Month (dash-separated)
DMY Date with Abbreviated Month (dash, 2-digit year)
DMY Date (dot-separated)
DMY Short Date (dot, 2-digit year)
DMY Short Date (slash, 2-digit year)
DMY Date (slash-separated)
DMY Date with Abbreviated Month (space-separated)
DMY Date with Full Month (space-separated)
Full Month Day Year (no comma)
ISO Date
ISO Week Date
Japanese Imperial Year (Long/Kanji)
Japanese Imperial Year (Short)
Julian Date
Korean Standard Date
Long Date with Full Month Name
MDY Date (dash-separated)
MDY Short Date (slash, 2-digit year)
MDY Date (slash-separated)
Abbreviated Month Year
Full Month Year
Month/Year (slash-separated)
Ordinal Date
Short Date (Day-Month-Year, 2-digit year)
Short Date (Month-Day-Year, 2-digit year)
Short Date (Year-Month-Day, 2-digit year)
Full Weekday with Abbreviated Month
Weekday DMY Full (formal)
Full Weekday with Full Month Name
Year-Month (ISO truncated)
YMD Date (dot-separated)
YMD Date (slash-separated)
ISO 8601 Duration
Unix Timestamp (microseconds)
Unix Timestamp (milliseconds)
Unix Timestamp (seconds)
IANA Timezone Name
Timezone Abbreviation
UTC Offset
Fiscal Year
Calendar Quarter
12-Hour Time (HH:MM AM/PM)
24-Hour Time (HH:MM)
12-Hour Time with AM/PM
24-Hour Time (HH:MM:SS)
ISO Time with Microseconds
Common Log Format (Apache/Nginx)
C ctime / asctime Format
DMY Hour-Minute Datetime
European Dot Timestamp (DMY 24h)
Dot YMD Timestamp (24h)
Unix Epoch Nanoseconds
ISO 8601
ISO 8601 Compact
ISO 8601 with Microseconds and Offset
ISO 8601 with Microseconds
ISO 8601 with Milliseconds and Offset
ISO 8601 with Milliseconds
ISO 8601 with Timezone Offset
ISO Datetime with Microseconds (no timezone)
ISO Datetime with Milliseconds (no timezone)
ISO Datetime, minute precision (no timezone)
ISO Datetime, second precision (no timezone)
ISO with Space Separator and Z
MDY 12-Hour Datetime
MDY 24-Hour Datetime
PostgreSQL Short Offset
RFC 2822
RFC 2822 with Ordinal Indicators
RFC 3339 (Space Separator)
Slash YMD Timestamp (24h)
SQL Timestamp with Microseconds
SQL Timestamp with Microseconds and Offset
SQL Timestamp with Milliseconds
SQL Minute-Precision Datetime
SQL Standard
BSD Syslog (RFC 3164)
ABA Routing Number
BSB Number
IBAN
SWIFT/BIC
Bitcoin Address
Ethereum Address
Currency Amount (US Format)
Currency Amount (US Accounting)
Currency Amount (Swiss Apostrophe)
Currency Amount (ISO Code Prefix)
Currency Amount (EU Format)
Currency Amount (EU Suffix)
Currency Amount (Cryptocurrency)
Currency Amount (Indian Lakh/Crore)
Currency Amount (Multi-Character Symbol)
Currency Amount (Trailing Negative)
Currency Amount (Zero-Decimal Currency)
Currency Amount (Space-Separated Thousands)
Currency Code (ISO 4217)
Currency Symbol
Credit Card Number
Basis Points
Financial Yield / Return
CUSIP
FIGI
ISIN
LEI
SEDOL
Stock Ticker
Full Address
Postal Code
Street Name
Street Suffix
International Calling Code
Coordinate Pair (Lat, Lon)
Degrees Minutes Seconds
Geohash
Latitude
Longitude
Military Grid Reference System
Plus Code (Open Location Code)
Well-Known Text Geometry
H3 Hex Index
City Name
Continent Name
Country Name
Country Code
Region / State
State/Province Code
HS Tariff Code
IATA Airport Code
ICAO Airport Code
Shipping Container Code (ISO 6346)
UN/LOCODE
ORCID
EAN
ISBN
ISRC
ISSN
UPC
Australian Business Number
US Employer Identification Number
EU VAT Number
Indian PAN
US Social Security Number
Vehicle Identification Number
NAICS Industry Code
CPT Procedure Code
DEA Number
HCPCS Level II Code
ICD-10 Diagnosis Code
LOINC Code
NDC (National Drug Code)
NPI (National Provider Identifier)
Blood Type
Email Address
Email with Display Name
First Name
Full Name
Gender
Gender Code
Height
Last Name
Password
Phone Number (E.164)
Phone Number
Username
Weight
Binary Boolean (0/1)
Boolean Initials (T/F, Y/N)
Boolean Terms (True/False, Yes/No)
Ordinal Value
Excel Number Format String
File Extension
File Size
MIME Type
Color (Hexadecimal)
Color (HSL)
Color (RGB)
Alphanumeric Identifier
Increment / Counter
Numeric Code
UUID
Decimal Number
Decimal Number (Comma Separator)
Integer Number
Percentage
Scientific Notation
SI-Prefix Number
CAS Registry Number
DNA Sequence
InChI Identifier
Measurement Unit
Protein Sequence
RNA Sequence
SMILES Notation
Emoji
Entity Name
Plain Text
Single Word
AWS ARN
S3 URI
DOI
IMEI
Locale Code
Qualified Name
Cryptographic Hash
JSON Web Token
URL-Safe Base64 Token
Calendar Version
Docker/OCI Image Reference
Version Number
Filename
Windows File Path
Snowflake ID
TSID
ULID
CIDR Notation
Data URI
Hostname
HTTP Method
IPv4 Address
IPv4 Address with Port
IPv6 Address
MAC Address
Email Message-ID
Top-Level Domain (TLD)
URL
URN
User Agent String

Used in

9 Protocols use this operation: