Compare two tables

CREATE TABLE orders AS SELECT * FROM (VALUES
  (1,  'Alice Ng',      'north', DATE '2026-01-03', 120.00, 'widget', 'a|b',   '{"channel":"web","items":[1,2]}'),
  (2,  'alice ng',      'north', DATE '2026-01-05',  80.50, 'gadget', 'b',     '{"channel":"shop","items":[3]}'),
  (3,  'Bob  Okafor',   'south', DATE '2026-01-05', 300.00, 'widget', 'a|c',   '{"channel":"web","items":[4,5,6]}'),
  (4,  'Carla Díaz',    'east',  DATE '2026-01-09',  NULL,  'gizmo',  NULL,    '{"channel":"web","items":[]}'),
  (5,  'Bob Okafor',    'south', DATE '2026-01-12',  45.25, 'gadget', 'c',     '{"channel":"phone","items":[7]}'),
  (6,  'Dev Patel',     'west',  DATE '2026-01-12', 510.00, 'widget', 'a',     '{"channel":"web","items":[8,9]}'),
  (7,  'Carla Diaz',    'east',  DATE '2026-01-20',  99.99, 'gizmo',  'b|c',   '{"channel":"shop","items":[10]}'),
  (8,  'Dev Patel',     'west',  DATE '2026-02-02', 510.00, 'widget', 'a',     '{"channel":"web","items":[8,9]}'),
  (9,  'Eve Larsen',    NULL,    DATE '2026-02-03',  15.00, 'gadget', NULL,    '{"channel":"web","items":[11]}'),
  (10, 'Alice Ng',      'north', DATE '2026-02-10', 220.00, 'gizmo',  'a|b|c', '{"channel":"phone","items":[12,13]}')
) t(order_id, customer, region, order_date, amount, product, tags, meta);

CREATE TEMP TABLE result AS
WITH v2 AS (SELECT * REPLACE (CASE WHEN order_id = 3 THEN 310.0 ELSE amount END AS amount) FROM orders WHERE order_id <> 9
            UNION ALL SELECT 11, 'Gus Hale', 'north', DATE '2026-02-11', 5.0, 'gadget', NULL, '{}')
SELECT coalesce(a.order_id, b.order_id) AS order_id,
       CASE WHEN a.order_id IS NULL THEN 'added' WHEN b.order_id IS NULL THEN 'removed'
            WHEN a IS DISTINCT FROM b THEN 'changed' ELSE 'same' END AS status
FROM orders a FULL JOIN v2 b USING (order_id)
WHERE status <> 'same' ORDER BY 1;
SELECT * FROM result;
SELECT CASE WHEN ((SELECT map_from_entries(list((order_id, status) ORDER BY order_id)) = MAP {3: 'changed', 9: 'removed', 11: 'added'} FROM result)) THEN 'as expected' ELSE error('the difference is not order 3 changed, 9 removed and 11 added') END AS verdict;